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Noninvasive Testing Modalities

Nuclear imaging is also a form of stress testing for patients who cannot exercise. A tiny amount of a radioactive substance is used during the procedure to assist in the exam.

Vascular ultrasound uses sound waves to evaluate the body's circulatory system (Neck legs and other body parts). This helps identify blockages in the arteries, veins and detect blood clots.

Echocardiography or echo, is a painless test that uses sound waves to create moving pictures of your heart. The pictures show the size and shape of your heart. They also show how well your heart's chambers and valves are working.

Stress testing (sometimes called exercise testing) shows how your heart works during physical activity or Stress. Its usually done to diagnose Coronary artery disease , Heart rythm problems or check your heart prior to elective surgical procedures.

A standard or “Resting`` ECG electrocardiography is one of the simplest and fastest tests used to evaluate the heart. It records the electrical activity of the heart . It can be done continuously over 24 hours or longer while you are away from the doctor's office to monitor for slow or fast heart beats.

you may be asked to wear an ECG device for a longer period of time to detect irregular heart beats or Arrhythmias which are changes in the heart's normal rate or rhythm and are classified by their location in the heart and by their speed or rhythm.

Invasive Procedures

Also called an Angiogram of heart arteries or other vessels in the body where a catheter (hollow plastic tubes 2 to 3 mm in diameter ) is introduced, under local anesthesia to detect blockages. This test uses X-rays and contrast dye to help find narrowed or blocked areas in one or more of the arteries that supply blood to heart Coronary angiogram or other parts of the body called as Peripheral Angiography.

Endovenous means that the procedure is done inside the vein. Ablation means a doctor uses laser energy radiofrequency or chemicals to close dilated veins . This might help with leg pain discoloration and healing of wounds in lower legs.

If you have blockages in heart arteries( Coronary artery disease ) it might cause the area in your heart to not get enough blood. Angioplasty is a procedure used to open blocked coronary arteries to avoid a heart atack or pain. This can be done with ballon or Stent Placement

A pacemaker insertion is the implantation of a small electronic device that is usually placed in the chest (just below the collarbone) to help regulate slow electrical problems with the heart.

The stent, which is collapsed around a balloon at the tip of the catheter, is guided through the artery to the blockage and the balloon is inflated where the spring-like stent expands and locks into place inside the artery to keep the vessels open and improve blood flow.

PFO closures procedures to close a hole in the heart to prevent strokes

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